Overcast sky luminances and directional luminous reflectances of objects and backgrounds under overcast skies.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Two sky luminance distributions are given for overcast sky above snow-covered terrain, and directional luminous reflectance data are presented which were obtained under these skies. Luminous reflectances computed from Krinov spectral reflectance data for a variety of natural terrains measured under overcast are also included.
منابع مشابه
Sanderlings (Calidris alba) have a magnetic compass: orientation experiments during spring migration in Iceland.
The migratory orientation of sanderlings (Calidris alba) was investigated with cage experiments during the spring migration in southwest Iceland. Sanderlings were exposed to 90 degrees counterclockwise-shifted magnetic fields under both clear skies and natural overcast. Clear sky control tests resulted in a northerly mean direction, in agreement with predictions based on ringing recovery data a...
متن کاملUltraviolet Sky Radiance Distributions of Translucent Overcast Skies
The diffuse sky radiation component in the ultraviolet wavelengths is often at least 50% of the global irradiance under clear skies, and is the dominant component of ultraviolet global radiation under translucent overcast skies. The distribution of sky radiance was measured in a rural area and modeled for wavelength bands of ultraviolet-B (UVB, 280-320 nm) and ultraviolet-A (UVA, 320-400 nm). S...
متن کاملMeasuring overcast colors with all-sky imaging.
Digital images of overcast skies as seen from the earth's surface open new windows onto the angular details of overcast colors and visible-wavelength spectra. After calibration with a spectroradiometer, a commercial CCD camera equipped with a fisheye lens can produce colorimetrically accurate all-sky maps of overcast spectra. Histograms and azimuthally averaged curves of the resulting chromatic...
متن کاملThe angular distribution and interception of diffuse solar radiation below overcast skies
The angular distribution of diffuse radiation was measured from May 1976 to May 1977 with a set of purpose-built actinometers. Radiance distributions for 98 overcast hours were fitted well by an expression similar to the conventional function for a 'standard overcast sky' (SOC). However, values of the coefficient b averaged 1.23, significantly smaller than for the SOC (b = 2). Expressions for t...
متن کاملShort-term variability of overcast brightness.
Overcasts seen from below seldom are uniform, unchanging cloud shields, yet little is known about their short-term photometric variability (periods < or = 2 h). Visible-wavelength spectra of daytime and twilight overcast skies measured at 30-s intervals reveal unexpected temporal variability in horizontal illuminance E(v) and zenith luminance L(v). Fourier analysis of these time series shows pe...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
- Applied optics
دوره 5 6 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1966